Introduction(Sensors)

 What is a Sensor?

A sensor is a device that detects physical or environmental changes, including speed, pressure, temperature, light, heat, humidity, and more. Similar to our human senses like eyes, ears, and nose that collect information and send it to the brain, electronic sensors detect and transmit data to a processor or microcontroller.

Types of Sensors:

This section will explore some common types of sensors:

Proximity Sensor: Detects the presence or proximity of an object within a certain range. It can utilize sound, light, infrared radiation, or electromagnetic fields depending on its specific type.



Light Sensor: Detects light intensity and adjusts device features accordingly, such as automatically adjusting phone screen brightness based on ambient light.

Accelerometer: Detects device orientation (portrait or landscape) and can be used for various functionalities like rotating the screen automatically. It typically functions within a 90-degree range.

Ultrasonic Sensor: Measures the distance of an object by emitting and receiving high-frequency sound waves (inaudible to humans) that bounce off the object.
Humidity Sensor: Detects and measures the amount of moisture in the air.

Gyroscope Sensor: An advanced version of the accelerometer, offering 360-degree detection capabilities. It plays a role in features like taking 360-degree photos and enhancing video game experiences by measuring and maintaining device orientation and angular velocity.

Examples:

The automatic screen dimming on your phone during calls is controlled by a proximity sensor that detects when your ear is near the screen.
The light sensor in your phone adjusts the screen brightness based on the surrounding light levels.

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