Basic Component (Embedded System)

 Basic Components for Electronics Projects

This chapter introduces some fundamental components commonly used in electronics projects. These components include:

  • Seven Segment Display 
  • Servo Motor
  • LMIC
  • Keypad
  • Regulator IC
  • Bluetooth Module Hc05
  • Buzzer
  • Humidity / Temp Sensor

Seven-Segment Display: This is a display device that can display decimal numbers and is often used in digital clocks, meters, calculators, and other electronic devices. It consists of seven individual LEDs arranged in a specific configuration to form various numbers and symbols.

Working Principle:
Each LED in a seven-segment display is assigned a number (as shown in the image). To display a specific digit, certain LEDs are turned on (active mode) while others are turned off.

Example: To display the number 5, LEDs E, F, G, C, and D would be turned on, creating the shape of a "5." Similarly, any numerical digit can be displayed by selectively activating the corresponding LEDs. By combining multiple seven-segment displays, you can even create a digital clock, as demonstrated in the project section.

LED Types:
Seven-segment display devices typically use two main types of LEDs:
Common Anode: In this type, all the LED anodes are connected together, and a single terminal is provided for external connection (Figure a).
Common Cathode: In this type, all the LED cathodes are connected together, and a single terminal is provided for external connection (Figure b).

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