Types of semiconductors

 Types of semiconductors

There are two types of semiconductors.
(1) Intrinsic Semiconductor
(2) Extrinsic Semiconductor


(1) Intrinsic semiconductor - A semiconductor with no significant impurities is called an intrinsic semiconductor.

(2) Extrinsic Semiconductor - Adding impurities to a pure semiconductor increases its conductivity, resulting in an extrinsic semiconductor.



There are also two types of Extrinsic Semiconductor. N-type and P-type

  • N-type semiconductor:- When five-valence impurity atoms, such as arsenic or antimony, are added to a germanium or silicon crystal, the resulting material becomes an n-type semiconductor. In this type of semiconductor, electrons act as the majority charge carriers.

  • P-type semiconductor:- When trivalent impurity atoms, such as aluminum or boron, are added to a germanium or silicon crystal, the resulting material becomes a p-type semiconductor. This type of semiconductor has "holes" as the majority charge carriers. These holes act like positive charges and allow for electrical conduction.


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