What is Electric Current?

 What is Electric Current?

Electric current, measured in amperes (A), is the rate of flow of electric charge in a conductor. It is denoted by the symbol 'I'. One ampere is equivalent to the flow of one coulomb of charge per second. If a charge Q flows through a circuit for a time T, the current I can be calculated using the following equation:




While electrons have a negative charge, the flow of electric current is conventionally described as flowing from the positive (+) terminal to the negative (-) terminal. The standard unit for measuring current is the ampere (A).


Type of electric current

There are two types of electric current -
(1) A.C.
(2) D.C.

A.C- Alternating Current (AC) is the type of electrical current where its magnitude and direction change periodically. This is the type of electricity that powers most homes and appliances, like TVs, fans, and bulbs. AC is generated by rotating machinery called alternators.



D.C.- Direct Current (DC) is the type of electrical current where the magnitude and direction remain constant over time. Unlike AC, DC does not change its polarity. Common applications of DC include arc welding, battery charging, and powering electronic devices. DC can be obtained from various sources, including batteries, cells, and generators.



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